Fevers in Children: A Parent’s Guide

Your child experiencing a fever can be worrisome for many parents. Fevers are one of the most common reasons families call or visit the pediatrician, and while they can be scary, especially in babies, they are usually a normal part of how the body responds to illness. Knowing what a fever means, how to care for your child at home, and when to call the doctor can help you feel more prepared and less anxious.

A fever is a rise in body temperature that typically happens when the immune system is working to fight an infection. While "normal" body temperature can vary, a temperature of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher is generally considered a fever. Children with fevers may feel warm when you touch them, have flushed skin, sweat, shiver, or show changes in behavior such as fussiness, low energy, or wanting to sleep more than usual. Some children may also complain of headaches, muscle aches, nausea, or stomach discomfort.

Fevers are particularly concerning in babies under 3 months old. In this age group, a temperature of 100.4°F or higher should always be evaluated by a pediatrician right away, even if your baby seems otherwise well. Because young infants’ immune systems are still developing, fevers can sometimes signal serious infections that need immediate care. For older infants and young children, fevers are often caused by common illnesses such as colds, viral infections, or ear infections. In children between 3 months and 3 years, a fever can often be monitored at home if the child is alert, drinking fluids, and reasonably comfortable. However, parents should call the pediatrician if the fever is accompanied by concerning symptoms such as difficulty breathing, persistent vomiting, extreme sleepiness, a stiff neck, seizures, or a rash that does not fade when pressed.

It’s important to remember that fevers themselves are not illnesses. They are a sign that the body is doing its job. Many parents worry that a fever will keep rising to dangerous levels, but high fevers are less common than expected, and most fevers below 104°F are not harmful on their own. Fevers may also fluctuate throughout the day and often rise in the late afternoon or evening before coming down again.

Using a reliable thermometer is the best way to assess your child’s temperature. Feeling your child's forehead doesn’t replace an accurate reading. When it comes to treating a fever, medications such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help lower your child's temperature and ease their aches. Acetaminophen can be used in children 2 months and older when dosed correctly based on weight and age. Ibuprofen should only be used in children 6 months and older. Always follow dosing instructions carefully and avoid giving more than recommended. It's also important to never give aspirin to children due to the risk of Reye syndrome.

If your child is drinking fluids, resting, and playing at times, medication may not be necessary. Fever-reducing medicine does not treat the underlying illness. It simply helps your child feel better while their body recovers. Encouraging fluids to prevent dehydration and allowing plenty of rest are also important.

Fevers can be stressful for parents, but in most cases, they are a normal and temporary part of childhood. A child who is alert, responsive, and drinking fluids is generally doing okay, even with a fever. If you’re ever unsure about your child’s symptoms, how to take their temperature, or whether medication is appropriate, don’t hesitate to contact our office. We’re here to answer questions, offer guidance, and help you care for your child with confidence and peace of mind.